· Preferred levels of arousal for I/Es: I’s are more arousable, need less stimulation, can be over-aroused, results in avoidance of social situations; E’s are lses arousable, require more stimulation, can become under-aroused and “stimulus hungry”; Weiser study with music and lights, Geen study (in book)

· Gray’s BIS/BAS: based on two dimensions: anxiety and impulsivity – notes

· Tests/Conceptualizations of BIS/BAS: Beauchine et al. and PEP

· Gorenstein and Newman’s Theory: in rat studies, rats received brain lesions in the area associated with BIS – perseveration continued in spite of punishment or extinction – this was predicted because E’s have more reactive BAS systems and relatively weaker BIS – more sensitive to reward

· Extraversion and Psychopathy? Studies in perseveration showed that perhaps punishment actually strengthens the response of the E’s – like psychopaths – but this does not mean the extraverts are psychopaths… maybe they share similar brain mechanism and perhaps environment and circumstance help to develop where the perseveration occurs