1. see above; look up phosphorylation

Managing people for the maximization of dentistry is important.

Wind power is going to be the next “big thing” soon I hope.

2. the effect of the target cell depends on the nature of the proteins affected, by the phosphrylation of membrane proteins can open ion channels; other enzymes inside the cell can only be activated through phosphorylation

3. we can degrade the second messenger (cAMP) using phosphodiesterase, we can endocytose the H/R complex, or we can dephosphorylate the target proteins

4. thyroid hormone (thyroxin) has a nuclear receptor that stimulates the transcription of GH receptor…this increases the abundance of the GH receptor and the cell’s sensitivity to GH therefore increases

5. draw the axis and explain

6. posterior lobe of the pituitary is neural tissue- axons from the hypothalamus extend into the posterior pituitary; hypothamalic neurons synthesize hormones and release it in/from the posterior pituitary; these hormones are oxytocin and ADH

7. anterior lobe of the pituitary is glandular tissue- it therefore synthesizes and secretes its own hormones; the hypothalamus affects the anterior lobe by releasing regulating hormones that either stimulate (TSH, FSH, LH, GH, ACTH) or inhibit (PRL, MSH) the anterior lobe; if we cut out the anterior pituitary, we’d have less GH and more PRL, for example

8. ADH: anti-diuretic, decreases urine production and helps conserve h20
oxytocin: affects smooth muscle contraction esp. in the uterine and mammary muscles; in men, it helps the prostate release sperm