1. - effects on smooth muscle: gastrin
- growth effects: GH
- reproductive effects: androgens, estrogens
- osmoregulation effects: ADH
- stress effects: NE/E, glucocorticoids

2. amino acid derivatives: amines *not lipid soluble
peptides: small proteins – insulin, glucagons *not lipid soluble
lipid derivatives: cholesterol, steroid hormones and…
…fatty acids: prostaglandins (role in immune system, fever) *lipid soluble

3. PASS THROUGH: if the H can pass through, that means the receptor is in the cytosol or the nucleus; H binds to the receptor and becomes the H/R complex; H/R complex migrates to the nucleus and binds to the DNA on regulatory regions (transcription factor) which affects transcription of certain genes; genes get turned on or off and some proteins in the cell will increase or decrease à effect!

CAN’T PASS THROUGH: receptors are in the membrane; H/R complex in the membrane activates G-protein; G-protein activates adenylate cyclase inside the cell; this plus ATP leads to cAMP which acts as a second messenger to activate the kinase…there are then alterations in enzyme activity and opening of ion channels à effect!